The great popes through history: an encyclopedia

V.1. The Early papacy. Introduction / Gerard H. Ettinger

Peter (d.c. 64 A.D.) / Jean-Pierre Ruiz

Clement I (c. 91-c. 101) / Margaret A. Schatkin

Callistus I (217-22) / Michael Slusser

Damasus I (366-84) / Louis J. Swift

Celestine I (422-32) / Joseph F. Kelly

Leo I (440-61) / Philip A. McShane

Pelagius I (556-61) / Robert B. Eno

The Medieval papacy. Introduction / Glenn W. Olson

Gregory I, "the Great" (590-604) / Carole E. Straw

Gregory VII (1073-85) / Uta-Renate Blumenthal

Urban II (1088-90) / Robert Somerville

Alexander III (1159-81) / Kenneth Pennington

Innocent III (1198-1216) / James M. Powell

Gregory IX (1227-41) / Robert C. Figueira

Innocent IV (1243-54) / Thomas F. Madden

Boniface VIII (1294-1303): able administrator, imprudent politician / Richard Kay

The Renaissance and reformation papacy. Introduction / Margery A. Ganz

John XXII (1316-34) / Carol Lansing

Gregory XI (1370-78) / Laura De Angelis

Martin V (1417-31) / Alison Williams Levin

Eugenius IV (1431-47) / Jacqueline A. Gutwirth

Nicholas V (1447-55) / James R. Banker

Pius II (1458-64) / Edward D. English

Sixtus IV (1471-84) : the first modern Pope-monarch / Lorenz Boninger

Jullius II (1503-13) / Nelson H. Minnich

Leo X (1513-21) / Carol Bresnahan Menning

Clement VII (1523-34) / Kenneth Gouwens

Paul III / William V. Hudon

V.2 The Early modern papacy. Introduction / Willliam V. Hudon

Pius V (1566-72) / Sergio Pagano

Gregory XIII (1572-85) : father of the nations / Frederick J. McGinness

Sixtus V (1585-90): the plebian papal prince / Carla Penuti

Clement VIII (1592-1605) / Kathleen M. Comerford

Paul V (1605-21) / William V. Hudon

Urban VIII (1623-44) : the Barberini Era / Richard J. Blackwell

Innocent XI (1676-89); defender of Christendom / Francesco C. Cesareo

Innocent XII (1691-1700) / Brendan Dooley

Benedict XIV (1740-58): "Third-Party" Pope / John B. Guarino

Clement XIII (1758-69) / Hanns Gross

The Modern papacy. Introduction / Frank J. Coppa

Pius VII (1800-1823) / Alan J. Reinerman

Pius IX (1846-78): the last "Pope-King" / Frank J. Coppa

Leo XIII (1878-1903): the working man's pope / Emiliana P. Noether

Pius X (1903-1914) : the pope of the Curia / William Roberts

Benedict XV (1914-22): pope of peace / Joseph A. Biesinger

Pius XI (1922-1939) : the kingship of Christ in the Twentieth Century / Peter C. Kent

Pius XII (1939-58) : controversial "Pope of Peace" / Charles F. Delzell

John XXIII (1958-63) : the father of the Second Vatican Council / Patrick Granfield

Paul VI (1963-78) : Catholicism's bridge to the modern world / Richard J. Wolff

John Paul II (1978- ) / Roy P. Domenico.