The utilitarian revolt and legal positivism. Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832): the shift to consequences
John Austin (1790-1859): the separation of law and morality
John Stuart Mill (1896-1873): liberty
The American fruitions. Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826): equality
Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. (1871-1947): the pragmatic turn
Roscoe Pound (1870-1964): sociological jurisprudence
John Dewey (1859-1953): the activities of law
Karl N. Llewellyn (1893-1962): legal realism
Benjamin N. Carduzo (1870-1938): the judicial process
Lon Fuller (1902-1978): the rise of law
H.L.A. Hart (1907- ): the validity of law
